Bibliography of Gāndhārī Studies
Acharya, Diwakar. 2008. “Evidence for Mahāyāna Buddhism and Sukhāvatī Cult in India in the Middle Period: Early Fifth to Late Sixth Century Nepalese Inscriptions.” Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 31: 23–75.
Adams, Shar. 2007. “Efforts to Uncover Buddhist History.” The Epoch Times 136: 2.
Agostini, Giulio. 2002. “Indian Views of the Buddhist Laity: Precepts and Upāsaka Status.” PhD Dissertation. University of California, Berkeley.
Agrawala, Ratna Chandra. 1952. “Position of Women as Depicted in the Kharoṣṭhī Documents from Chinese Turkestan.” The Indian Historical Quarterly 28: 327–41.
———. 1952. “A Study of Weights and Measures as Depicted in the Kharoṣṭhī Documents from Chinese Turkestan.” The Journal of the Bihar Research Society 38: 359–68.
———. 1953. “Form of Taxation as Depicted in the Kharoṣṭhī Documents from Chinese Turkestan.” The Indian Historical Quarterly 29: 340–53.
———. 1953. “Position of Slaves and Serfs as Depicted in the Kharoṣṭhī Documents from Chinese Turkestan.” The Indian Historical Quarterly 29: 97–110.
———. 1953. “A Study of Textiles & Garments in the Kharoṣṭhī Documents from Chinese Turkestan.” Bhāratīya Vidyā 14: 75–94.
———. 1954. “Life of Buddhist Monks in Chinese Turkestan.” Jagan Nath Agrawal and Bhim Dev Shastri, eds., Sarūpa‐Bhāratī: or the Homage of Indology: Being the Dr. Lakshman Sarup Memorial Volume. Viśveśvarānanda bhāratabhāratī granthamālā—6 विश्वेश्वरानन्द भारतभारती ग्रन्थमाला—६, pp. 173–81. Hośiārapura होशिआरपुर: Viśveśvarānandasaṃsthāna‐prakāsanamaṇḍala विश्वेश्वरानन्दसंस्थान‐प्रकाशनमण्डल.
———. 1954. “Numismatic Data in the Niya Kharoṣṭhī Documents from Central Asia.” Journal of the Numismatic Society of India 16: 219–30.
———. 1954. “Some Family Letters in Kharoṣṭhī Script from Central Asia.” The Indian Historical Quarterly 30: 50–6.
———. 1955. “Professions and Persons in the Niya Society.” Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bombay 30: 17–27.
———. 1956. “Fauna as Depicted in the Kharoṣṭhī Documents from Chinese Turkestan.” Journal of the Oriental Institute 6: 111–24.
———. 1968. “Learning the Alphabets.” Journal of the Oriental Institute 18: 358–9.
———. 1970. “Indian Culture in the Kharoṣṭhī Documents from Chinese Turkestan.” In Lokesh Chandra, ed., India’s Contribution to World Thought and Culture. Madras: Vivekananda Rock Memorial Committee.
Akamatsu, Akihiko (赤松 明彦). 2001. “Rōran · Niya shutsudo karoshutī monjo ni tsuite 楼蘭・ニヤ出土カローシュティー文書について.” In 富谷至 (Itaru Tomiya), ed., Ryūsa shutsudo no moji shiryō: Rōran · Niya monjo o chūshin ni 流沙出土の文字資料: 楼蘭・尼雅文書を中心に, pp. 369–425. Kyōto 京都: Kyōto daigaku gakujutsu shuppanka 京都大学学術出版会.
Allan, John. 1914. “A Note on the Name Kushan.” The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 403–11.
———. 1936. Catalogue of the Coins of Ancient India. London: The Trustees of the British Museum.
Allen, Charles. 2002. The Buddha and the Sahibs: The Men who Discovered India’s Lost Religion. London: John Murray.
———. 2002. The Search for the Buddha: The Men who Discovered India’s Lost Religion. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers.
Allon, Mark. 2001. Three Gāndhārī Ekottarikāgama‐Type Sūtras: British Library Kharoṣṭhī Fragments 12 and 14. Gandhāran Buddhist Texts, Volume 2. Seattle: University of Washington Press. Glass 2001.) (Reviewed in Boucher 2005 Hinüber 2003 Mair 2002 Skilling 2003.)
———. 2003. “New Buddhist Manuscripts from Ancient Gandhara.” The Asian Art Society of Australia Review 12: 8–10.
———. 2004. “Wrestling with Kharoṣṭhī Manuscripts.” Bukkyō Dendō Kyōkai Fellowship Newsletter 7: 4–8.
———. 2007. “A Gāndhārī Version of the Simile of the Turtle and the Hole in the Yoke.” Journal of the Pali Text Society 29: 229–62.
———. 2007. “Recent Discoveries of Buddhist Manuscripts from Afghanistan and Pakistan: The Heritage of the Greeks in the North‐West.” In Himanshu Prabha Ray and Daniel T. Potts, eds., Memory as History: The Legacy of Alexander in Asia, pp. 131–41. New Delhi: Aryan Books International.
———. 2007. “The Senior Manuscripts.” In Andrew Glass, Four Gāndhārī Saṃyuktāgama Sūtras: Senior Kharoṣṭhī Fragment 5. Gandhāran Buddhist Texts, Volume 4, pp. 3–25. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
———. 2008. “Recent Discoveries of Buddhist Manuscripts from Afghanistan and Pakistan and Their Significance.” In Ken Parry, ed., Art, Architecture and Religion along the Silk Roads. Silk Road Studies, XII, pp. 153–78. Turnhout: Brepols.
———. 2010. “Texts Throw New Light on Buddhist Thought and Practice.” Asian Currents.
Allon, Mark and Richard Salomon. 2000. “Kharoṣṭhī Fragments of a Gāndhārī Version of the Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra.” In Jens Braarvig, ed., Buddhist Manuscripts, Volume I. Manuscripts in the Schøyen Collection, I, pp. 243–73. Oslo: Hermes Academic Publishing. (Reviewed in Boucher 2002.)
———. 2010. “New Evidence for Mahayana in Early Gandhāra.” The Eastern Buddhist 41: 1–22.
Allon, Mark, R. Salomon, G. Jacobsen, and U. Zoppi. 2006. “Radiocarbon Dating of Kharoṣṭhī Fragments from the Schøyen and Senior Manuscript Collections.” In Jens Braarvig, ed., Buddhist Manuscripts, Volume III. Manuscripts in the Schøyen Collection, pp. 279–91. Oslo: Hermes Academic Publishing.
Alram, Michael. 1999. “Indo‐Parthian and Early Kushan Chronology: The Numismatic Evidence.” In Michael Alram and Deborah Klimburg‐Salter, eds., Coins, Art, and Chronology: Essays on the Pre‐Islamic History of the Indo‐Iranian Borderlands. Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, philosophisch‐historische Klasse, Denkschriften, 280. Band / Beiträge zur Kultur‐ und Geistesgeschichte Asiens, Nr. 31 / Veröffentlichungen der numismatischen Kommission, Band 33, pp. 19–58. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Amha, Azeb. 2010. “On Loans and Additions to the Fidäl (Ethiopic) Writing System.” In Alex de Voogt and Irving Finkel, eds., The Idea of Writing: Play and Complexity, pp. 179–96. Leiden: Brill.
Anālayo and Roderick S. Bucknell. 2006. “Correspondence Table for Parallels to the Discourses of Majjhima Nikāya: Toward a Revision of Akanuma’s Comparative Catalogue.” Journal of the Centre for Buddhist Studies, Sri Lanka 4: 215–43.
Ānandajoti. 2007. A Comparative Edition of the Dhammapada: Pāḷi Text with Parallels from Sanskritised Prakrit Edited together with a Study of the Dhammapada Collection. Battaramulla: Neptune Connections.
Andersen, Paul Kent. 1986. “Preliminaries to a Textual Criticism of the Minor Rock Edicts of Aśoka.” In Gouriswar Bhattacharya, ed., Deyadharma: Studies in Memory of Dr. D. C. Sircar. Sri Garib Dass Oriental Series, No. 33, pp. 1–7.
Appleton, Naomi. 2010. Jātaka Stories in Theravāda Buddhism: Narrating the Bodhisatta Path. Farnham: Ashgate.
Ardika, I. Wayan and Peter Bellwood. 1991. “Sembiran: The Beginnings of Indian Contact.” Antiquity 65: 221–32.
Asher, Frederick M. 2006. “Early Indian Art Reconsidered.” In Patrick Olivelle, ed., Between the Empires: Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE. South Asia Research, pp. 51–66. New York: Oxford University Press.
Ashraf Khan, Muhammad. 1993. Buddhist Shrines in Swat. Saidu Sharif: Muhammad Ashraf Khan.
Atwood, Christopher. 1991. “Life in Third–Fourth Century Cadh’ota: A survey of Information Gathered from the Prakrit Documents Found North of Minfeng (Niyä).” Central Asiatic Journal 35: 161–99.
Bacot, Jacques. 1956. “F. W. Thomas (1867–1956).” Journal asiatique 244: 439–41.
Bagchi, Prabodh Chandra. 1955. India and Central Asia. Calcutta: National Council of Education, Bengal.
Bailey, H. W. 1932. “Iranian Studies.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies 6: 945–55.
———. 1933. “Iranian Studies II.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies 7: 69–86.
———. 1934. “Iranian Studies III.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies 7: 275–98.
———. 1935. “Iranian Studies IV.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies 7: 755–78.
———. 1945. “The Khotan Dharmapada.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 11: 488–512.
———. 1946. “Gāndhārī.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 11: 764–97.
———. 1948. “Irano‐Indica.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 12: 319–32.
———. 1949. “Irano‐Indica II.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 13: 121–39.
———. 1950. “Irano‐Indica III.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 13: 389–409.
———. 1950. “A Problem of the Kharoṣṭhī Script.” In D. W. Thomas, ed., Essays and Studies Presented to Stanley Arthur Cook, pp. 121–3. London.
———. 1951. “Irano‐Indica IV.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 13: 920–38.
———. 1952. “Kusanica.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 14: 420–34.
———. 1953. “Analecta Indoscythica I.” The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 95–116.
———. 1953. “Ariaca.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 15: 530–40.
———. 1954. “Analecta Indoscythica II.” The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 26–34.
———. 1955. “Buddhist Sanskrit.” The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 13–24.
———. 1956. “Armeno‐Indica II.” Transactions of the Philological Society: 88–126.
———. 1956. “Iranian missa, Indian bija.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 18: 32–42.
———. 1960. “Arya II.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 23: 13–39.
———. 1961. “Arya III.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 24: 470–83.
———. 1968. “Kaniṣka.” In A. L. Basham, ed., Papers on the Date of Kaniṣka: Submitted to the Conference on the Date of Kaniṣka, London, 20–22 April, 1960. Australian National University Centre of Oriental Studies, Oriental Monograph Series, Vol. IV, pp. 35–8. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
———. 1970. “Saka Studies: The Ancient Kingdom of Khotan.” Iran 8: 65–72.
———. 1972. “A Half‐Century of Irano‐Indian Studies.” The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 99–110.
———. 1973. “Taklamakan Miscellany.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 36: 224–7.
———. 1978. “Two Kharoṣṭhī Casket Inscriptions from Avaca.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society: 3–13.
———. 1979. Dictionary of Khotan Saka. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———. 1979. “North Iranian Problems.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 42: 207–10.
———. 1980. “A Kharoṣṭrī Inscription of Seṇavarma, King of Oḍi.” The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 21–9.
———. 1982. “The Dating of the Kamra Kharoṣṭhī Inscription.” Afghan Studies 3/4: 79.
———. 1982. “Two Kharoṣṭhī Inscriptions.” The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 142–55.
———. 1985. Indo‐Scythian Studies. Khotanese Texts, 7. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
———. 1986. “Three Indic Notes.” In Gouriswar Bhattacharya, ed., Deyadharma: Studies in Memory of Dr. D. C. Sircar. Sri Garib Dass Oriental Series, No. 33, pp. 9–10.
———. 1989. “Kharosthi kutadhipati and navhapati.” In Devendra Handa and Ashvini Agrawal, eds., Ratna‐Chandrikā: Panorama of Oriental Studies (Shri R. C. Agrawala Festschrift), pp. 65–6. New Delhi: Harman Publishing House.
Balbir, Nalini, ed., 1990. “À propos du verbe “être” à Niya.” In Akira Haneda, ed., Documents et archives provenant de l’Asie centrale : actes du colloque franco‐japonais organisé par l’Association franco‐japonaise des études orientales affiliée à la Maison franco‐japonaise de Tokyo et l’Université de Paris III : sous les auspices du Ministère de l’éducation nationale du Japon : avec le soutien de la Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, des Universités de Kyoto et Ryukoku, du C.N.R.S., du Ministère des affaires étrangères de France : Kyoto (Kyoto International Conference Hall et Univ. Ryukoku), 4–8 octobre 1988, pp. 25–34. Kyoto: Association franco‐japonaise des études orientales.
———. 2003–04. Review of Hinüber 2001. Bulletin de l’École française d’Extrême‐Orient 90–91: 515–7.
Balk, Michael. 1985. “Zur tibetischen Übersetzung des Udānavarga (Resümee).” In Wolfgang Röllig, ed., XXII. Deutscher Orientalistentag vom 21. bis 25. März 1983 in Tübingen: ausgewählte Vorträge. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Supplement VI, pp. 325–6. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag.
———. 1988. “Untersuchungen zum Udânavarga: unter Berücksichtigung mittelindischer Parallelen und eines tibetischen Kommentars.” PhD Dissertation. Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität zu Bonn.
Banerji, Rakhal Das. 1908. “The Scythian Period of Indian History.” Indian Antiquary 37: 25–75.
———. 1910. “Catalogue of Inscriptions on Copper‐Plates in the Collection of the Asiatic Society of Bengal.” Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 6: 485–96.
———. 1920. “The Kharosthi Alphabet.” The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 193–219.
Bapat, P. V. 1924. The Sutta‐Nipāta, One of the Oldest Canonical Books of the Buddhists: For the First Time Edited in Devanāgarī Characters. Poona.
Bareau, André. 1955. Les sectes bouddhiques du Petit Véhicule. Publications de l’École francaise d’Extrême‐Orient, vol. 38. Saigon: École francaise d’Extrême‑Orient.
Barger, Evert and Philip Wright. 1941. Excavations in Swat and Explorations in the Oxus Territories of Afghanistan: A Detailed Report of the 1938 Expedition. Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India, 64. Calcutta: Archaeological Survey of India.
Barnett, L. D. 1913. “The Date of Kanishka.” The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland: 942–5.
———. 1927. “A Plural Form in the Prakrit of Khotan.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society: 848–9.
Barrett, T. H. 1997. Review of Karashima 1994. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 60: 177–8.
Barth, Auguste. 1907. “L’inscription P du « chapiteau des lions » de Mathura.” Comptes rendus des séances de l’Académie des inscriptions et belles‐lettres: 384–97.
———. 1914. Quarante ans d’indianisme : œuvres de Auguste Barth : recueillies à l’occasion de son quatre‐vingtième anniversaire. Paris: Ernest Leroux.
Barthel, Gustav. 1972. Konnte Adam schreiben? Weltgeschichte der Schrift. Köln: Verlag M. DuMont Schauberg.
Barthoux, Jules. 1930–33. Les fouilles de Hadda. Mémoires de la Délégation archéologique française en Afghanistan. Paris: Les éditions d’art et d’histoire.
Barua, Beni Madhab. 1946. Asoka and His Inscriptions. Calcutta: New Age Publishers.
Barua, Benimadhab and Sailendranath Mitra. 1921. Prakrit Dhammapada: Based upon M. Senart’s Kharoṣṭhī Manuscript: With Text, Translation & Notes. Calcutta: University of Calcutta. (Reviewed in Konow 1924.)
Basa, Kishor K and Pradeep Mohanty. 2000. Archaeology of Orissa. Delhi: Pratibha Prakashan.
Basak, Radhagovinda. 1978. “Inscriptions: Their Literary Value.” In The Cultural Heritage of India, V, pp. 390–416. Calcutta: The Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture.
Basham, A. L. 1954. The Wonder that was India: A Survey of the Culture of the Indian Sub‐Continent before the Coming of the Muslims. London: Sidgwick and Jackson.
———. 1963. The Wonder that was India: A Survey of the History and Culture of the Indian Sub‐Continent before the Coming of the Muslims. London: Sidgwick and Jackson.
———, ed., 1968. Papers on the Date of Kaniṣka: Submitted to the Conference on the Date of Kaniṣka, London, 20–22 April, 1960. Australian National University Centre of Oriental Studies, Oriental Monograph Series, Vol. IV. Leiden: E. J. Brill. (Reviewed in Pingree 1970.)
Baumer, Christoph. 2000. Southern Silk Road: In the Footsteps of Sir Aurel Stein and Sven Hedin. White Orchid Books. Bangkok: Orchid Press.
Baums, Stefan. 2006. “Bemerkungen zum Ordinalzahlsystem der Gāndhārī.” In Ute Hüsken, Petra Kieffer‐Pülz and Anne Peters, eds., Jaina‐Itihāsa‐Ratna: Festschrift für Gustav Roth zum 90. Geburtstag. Indica et Tibetica: Monographien zu den Sprachen und Literaturen des indo‐tibetischen Kulturraumes, Band 47, pp. 33–44. Marburg: Indica et Tibetica Verlag.
———. 2006. “Towards a Computer Encoding for Brāhmī.” In Adalbert J. Gail, Gerd J. R. Mevissen and Richard Salomon, eds., Script and Image: Papers on Art and Epigraphy. Papers of the 12th World Sanskrit Conference, Vol. 11.1, pp. 111–43. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers.
———. 2009. “A Gāndhārī Commentary on Early Buddhist Verses: British Library Kharoṣṭhī Fragments 7, 9, 13 and 18.” PhD Dissertation. University of Washington.
———. 2011. “Indiske skrifter: seglskrift, akṣaras og »arabertal«.” In Stig T. Rasmussen, ed., Verdens skrifter, pp. 239–63. København: Forlaget Vandkunsten.
———. Forthcoming. “Catalog, Revised Text and Translation of Gandhāran Reliquary Inscriptions.” In David Jongeward, ed., Gandhāran Buddhist Reliquaries. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
———. Forthcoming. “Gandhāran Scrolls: Rediscovering an Ancient Manuscript Type.” In Michael Friedrich, Jörg Quenzer, Matthew Driscoll and Jan‐Ulrich Sobisch, eds., Manuscript Cultures in Asia and Africa, Volume I. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
———. Forthcoming. “Truth and Scripture in Early Buddhism: Categorial Reduction as Exegetical Method in Ancient Gandhāra and Beyond.” In Tansen Sen, ed., Buddhism across Asia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Baums, Stefan and Andrew Glass. Ongoing. Bibliography of Gāndhārī Studies.
———. Ongoing. Catalog of Gāndhārī Texts.
———. Ongoing. A Dictionary of Gāndhārī.
Baxter, William H. 1985. Review of Coblin . Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 48: 170–1.
———. 1992. A Handbook of Old Chinese Phonology. Trends in Linguistics, Studies and Monographs, 64. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Bayley, E. C. 1862. “Remarks on the Above.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal 31: 184–90.
Bearman, Gregory H, Sheila I. Spiro. 1996. “Archaeological Applications of Advanced Imaging Techniques.” Biblical Archaeologist 59: 56–66.
Bechert, Heinz. 1958. “Über das Apadānabuch.” Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Süd‐ und Ostasiens und Archiv für indische Philosophie 2: 1–21.
———. 1983. “Das „Sanskrit‐Wörterbuch der Turfan‐Funde“ als Hilfsmittel für die Zentralasienforschung.” In Klaus Röhrborn and Wolfgang Veenker, eds., Sprachen des Buddhismus in Zentralasien: Vorträge des Hamburger Symposions vom 2. Juli bis 5. Juli 1981. Veröffentlichungen der Societas Uralo‐Altaica, Band 16, pp. 4–10. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.
———. 1985–87. “Einleitung.” In Heinz Bechert, ed., Zur Schulzugehörigkeit von Werken der Hīnayāna‐Literatur. Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen, philologisch‐historische Klasse, dritte Folge, Nr. 149 & Nr. 154 / Symposien zur Buddhismusforschung, III, pp. 20–54. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Beckwith, Christopher I. 2009. Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Behrendt, Kurt A. 2004. The Buddhist Architecture of Gandhāra. Handbook of Oriental Studies, Section Two: India, Volume Seventeen. Leiden: Brill. (Reviewed in Fussman 2004.)
———. 2007. The Art of Gandhara in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Behrsing, Siegfried. 1932. “Das Chung‐tsi‐king (衆集經) des chinesischen Dīrghāgama.” Asia Major 7: 1–149, 483.
Bemmann, Martin and Ditte König. 1994. Die Felsbildstation Oshibat. Materialien zur Archäologie der Nordgebiete Pakistans, Band 1. Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern. (Reviewed in Salomon 1997.)
Benjamin, Craig G. R. 2007. The Yuezhi: Origin, Migration and the Conquest of Northern Bactria. Silk Road Studies, XIV. Turnhout: Brepols. (Reviewed in Fussman 2007.)
Berger, Hermann. 1955. Zwei Probleme der mittelindischen Lautlehre. Münchener indologische Studien, Heft 1. München.
———. 1956. Review of Lüders 1954. Göttingische gelehrte Anzeigen 210: 96–111.
Bergman, Folke. 1939. Archaeological Researches in Sinkiang: Especially the Lop‐Nor Region. Reports from the Scientific Expedition to the North‐Western Provinces of China under the Leadership of Dr. Sven Hedin: the Sino‐Swedish Expedition, Publication 7: VII. Archaeology, 1. Stockholm: Bokförlags Aktiebolaget Thule.
Berkowitz, Mark. 1996. “Rare Buddhist Writings.” Archaeology 49.
Berkwitz, Stephen C. 2010. South Asian Buddhism: A Survey. London: Routledge.
Bernard, P. 1994. “The Greek Kingdoms of Central Asia.” In János Harmatta, ed., History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Volume II: The Development of Sedentary and Nomadic Civilizations: 700 B.C. to A.D. 250, pp. 99–129. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
Bernard, Paul, Georges‐Jean Pinault and Georges Rougemont. 2004. “Deux nouvelles inscriptions grecques de l’Asie centrale.” Journal des savants: 227–356.
Bernhard, Franz. 1965. “Zum Titel des sogenannten „Udānavarga“.” In Wolfgang Voigt, ed., XVII. Deutscher Orientalistentag vom 21. bis 27. Juli 1968 in Würzburg: Vorträge. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Supplementa, I, pp. 872–81. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag.
———. 1965–68. Udānavarga. Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen, philologisch‐historische Klasse, dritte Folge, Nr. 54 / Sanskrittexte aus den Turfanfunden, X. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
———. 1970. “Gāndhārī and the Buddhist Mission in Central Asia.” In J. Tilakasiri, ed., Añjali: Papers on Indology and Buddhism: A Felicitation Volume Presented to Oliver Hector de Alwis Wijesekera on His Sixtieth Birthday, pp. 55–62. Peradeniya: The Felicitation Volume Editorial Committee, University of Ceylon.
———. 1976. “Bilingual (Gāndhārī and Kuchean) Documents Written in Kharoṣṭhī and Brāhmī from Chinese Turkestan.” In A. R. Davis, ed., Proceedings of the 28 International Congress of Orientalists, Canberra 6–12 January 1971, pp. 274. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.
Bhandarkar, D. R. 1902. “A Kushana Stone‐Inscription and the Question about the Origin of the Śaka Era.” Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 20: 269–302.
———. 1916. “The Taxila Scroll Inscription of the Year 136.” The Indian Antiquary 45: 120–2.
Bharati, Agehananda. 1963. Review of Brough 1962. The Journal of Asian Studies 22: 509–10.
Bhattacharya, Gouriswar. 1984. “On the Fragmentary, Bi‐Scriptual Pedestal Inscription from Mathurā.” Indian Museum Bulletin 19: 27–30.
———. 1987. “Dāna – deyadharma: Donation in Early Buddhist Records (in Brāhmī).” In Marianne Yaldiz and Wibke Lobo, eds., Investigating Indian Art: Proceedings of a Symposium on the Development of Early Buddhist and Hindu Iconography Held at the Museum of Indian Art Berlin in May 1986. Veröffentlichungen des Museums für Indische Kunst, Volume 8, pp. 213–47. Berlin: Museum für Indische Kunst.
———. 2010. “How to Justify the Spelling of the Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Term Bodhisatva?” In Eli Franco and Monika Zin, eds., From Turfan to Ajanta: Festschrift for Dieter Schlingloff on the Occasion of his Eightieth Birthday, pp. 35–49. Bhairahawa: Lumbini International Research Institute.
Bird, James. 1847. Historical Researches on the Origin and Principles of the Bauddha and Jaina Religions: Embracing the Leading Tenets of Their System, as Found Prevailing in Various Countries; Illustrated by Descriptive Accounts of the Sculptures in the Caves of Western India, with Translations of the Inscriptions from Those of Kanari, Karli, Ajanta, Ellora, Nasik, &c. Which Indicate Their Connexion with the Coins and Topes of the Panjab and Afghanistan. Bombay: American Mission Press.
Birdwood, George C. M. 1880. The Industrial Arts of India. London: Chapman and Hall.
Bivar, A. D. H. 1961. “An Unknown Punjab Seal‐Collector.” The Journal of the Numismatic Society of India 23: 309–27.
———. 1963. “The Kaniska Dating from Surkh Kotal.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 26: 498–502.
———. 1970. “Hāritī and the Chronology of the Kuṣāṇas.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 33: 10–21.
———. 1970. “The Sequence of Menander’s Drachmae.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society: 123–36.
———. 1976. “The Kuṣāṇa Trilingual.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 39: 333–40.
———. 1978. Review of Fussman 1976. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 41: 177–8.
———. 1981. “The Azes Era and the Indravarma Casket.” In Herbert Härtel, ed., South Asian Archaeology 1979: Papers from the Fifth International Conference of the Association of South Asian Archaeologists in Western Europe Held in the Museum für Kunst der Staatlichen Museen Preußischer Kulturbesitz Berlin, pp. 369–76. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag.
———. 1981. “The ‘Vikrama’ Era, the Indravarma Casket, and the Coming of the Indo‐Scythians, Forerunners of the Afghans.” In Monumentum Georg Morgenstierne. Acta Iranica, deuxième série: hommages et opera minora, volume VII / Acta Iranica, 21, pp. 47–58. Leiden: Diffusion E. J. Brill.
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